Apparatus for preparing resin size for paper manufacture.



B. KNI FFLER & w. A. OPPEN.

APPARATUS FOR PREPARING RESIN SIZE FOR PAPER MANUFACTURE,

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 14. 1914.

Patented Feb. 6, 1917.

' description,

' resin size commonly used for sizing uni ran snares rand BRUNO KNIFFLER; GF WINC HESTER, AND WILLIAM A. UPPER, OF STONEHAM',

MASSACHUSETTS.

-APPARATUS FOR PREPARING RESIN SIZE FOR PAPER MANUFACTURE.

harness.

Specification of Letters liatent.

Patented Febo 6, 1917 Original application filed February 5, 1914, Serial No. 816,860. Divided and this application filed September 14, 1914. Serial No. 861,580.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, BRUNO KNIEFLER and WILLIAM OPPEN, both citizens of the United States, and residents of Winchester and Stoneham, respectively, in the county of Middlesex, State of Massachusetts, (whose post-ofiice addresses are Stoneham, Massachusetts,) have invented an Improvement in Apparatus for Preparing Resin Size for Paper Manufacture, of which the following in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like characters on the drawings representing like parts. i

This invention relates to improvements in apparatus for preparing paper size, the ob ject being to produce an emulsion from the .paper superior to the emulsion which is produced by the process and apparatus heretofore in use.

This application isa division of our prior co-pending application, Serial No. 816,860, filed February 5, 1914'.

Resin size as it is commonly supplied to v or prepared by the paper maker consists of a resin soap having resinate of soda as a base and containing besides water more or less free or unsaponified resin dissolved therein. At the mill it is customary to pre pare an emulsion from this resin size by mixing it with water to form a fluid wherein particles of tree resin are carried and held suspended.

As the process is commonly carried out, however, the emulsion is seldom perfect and the free resin tends to precipitate or separate out and form unsuspended particles. These unsuspended particles usually form in time large masses or accretions on the sides and bottom of the containing tanks necessitating frequent cleaning. if either the water or the size is not at a sufiiciently high temperature when the two are brought together, this tendency of the resin to separate and agglomerat'e is intensified. The separation of the tree resin is also found to take place if the emulsion is kept standing unless the latter, either when made or immediately after and before cooling, is greatly diluted so that the mixture as compared with the original emulsion represents a considerable bulk.

The free resin thus separated out makes the emulsion undesirable for use. Even if carefully strained, portions of it inevitably reach the paper and produce imperfections. Furthermore, even it the separated resin is completely strained out from the emulsion, the latter isrendered less etlicient because the imperfect emulsification robs the size of the desired amount of free resin, which latter is a most important sizing factor in the size. The free resin owing to its tendency to cake or agglomerate must be removed from time to time, thus causing unnecessary labor and in aggravated or neglected cases even filling the pipes used in conducting the size emulsion, thus causing serious interference in the production of suit-able paper by the complete or partial stoppage oi the customary supply of size emulsion. Y

Vfe have discovered that by subjecting the sizeto a suitably high temperature and simultaneously to a suitably high pressure and then, while so heated and under pressure, freeing it from these conditions of temperature and pressure, as by discharging it into water, a substantially perfect emulsion is produced with the free resin completely in suspension and the resulting emulsion can'be kept indefinitely inrelatively concern trated form without the appreciable separanon of any of the free resin. The maintenance oi the size under high pressure and temperature and the sudden release of that heat and pressure as the size is discharged into the water and the soap goes into solution appears to break up the thin stream of size into extremely fine particles or globules which are instantly dissolved and emulsified when coming in contact with water. We believe this to be due to the fact that the size becomes highly charged with energy under the conditions of heat and pressure referred to and that this stored up energy instantly vaporizes water contained in the size when the pressure is released thereby breaking up the thin stream of size into a vast number of minute heated resinate of soda and tree or unsa ponified' resin together with unvaporized' particles of highly planation or not, a substantially perfect 811111181011 of higher sizing efliciency than heretofore can be produced and can be maintained indefinitely at a degree of concentration considerably greater than heretofore considered possible. i

The invention will be best understoodby reference to the following description when taken in-connection with the accompanying illustration of one specific embodiment thereof, while its scope will be more particularly pointed out in the. appended claims.

. Figure 1 shows in partly diagrammatic arrangement one form of apparatus which is adapted to carry into effect our improved methodgand I I I Fig.2 is a detailmepres'enting one form of nozzle that may be employed in the practice of our invention. I

Referring to the drawing and t0 the embodiment of the invention therein shown, the apparatus is provided with a closed tank or other suitable receptacle 1 which is adapted to receive a suitable. quantity of resin size 2 and to maintain the same under a suitable pressure, such by way of example, as one hundred pounds to thesquare inch. The size may be introduced into the tank by gravity,-or it may be drawn into the same by suction. For gravity filling, the tank is provided at its top with a size supply pipe 7 having the valve 8, and also with means to vent the top of the tank to the atmosphere, as for example, the air vent valve 6 in the pipe 3, which latter is also connected totlie top 0 the tank. The vent 6 having been 0', i and the valve 8 opened, the size may e introduced directly through the pipe T, tank being preferably about one half filled with the size, as as to allowboth for the expansion of the size when steam is applied thereto and to leave a space at the top of the tank. When the desired quantity of size has been entered into: the tank; the valves 3 and 8 1 sed.

means may be employed for Jerature and pressure of the and such raising size thus 00111151661 in the tank cans may be either indirect, su as steam or electrical or Ler similar such as flame n, live steam intro- -er portion o tank is i, r a lower ed by the val pipe e the main ste .n

mediate size intense I By opening the valves 10 and 13, steam under pressure may be admitted to the bottom of the tank. As the steam enters the tank it strikes the size and passes through it to the upper part of the tank, agitating and thoroughly heating the size. The valves 10 and 13 are left open for a sufficient length "of" time to bring the. entire body of size uniformly to the high temperature of the steam. In this condition, where it is under the same conditions ofv pressure and temperature as the steam, it is ready to be emulsified.

'-The amount of steam pressure required will vary according to the proportion of free resin in the size, a high percentage of free resin requiring a higher steam press sure than is necessary with a low percentage. The boiler pressure of'one hundred pounds commonly obtainable in most mills has been found to answer thepurpose in most cases, but lower pressures may be successfully used, particularly with size having a small percentage of free resin. To discharge the heated size from the tank 1,-any suitable means may be used, but herein live steam is applied to the top of the tank and the size expelled through the pipe 9, which latter is disconnected from the boiler pressure and-connected to a water tank. v For this purpose the pipe 3 is preferably connected to the live steam pipe 4 -through the cut-off valve 5. The pipe 11 is also connected between the valve 13 and the filter 12 with the size delivery pipe 15 under the control of the valve'16. The delivery pipe leads to a suitable emulsion tank 1a wherein it is provided with a. suitable discharge nozzle 17, preferably of such form that the size when discharged emerges in a thin or finely divided stream so that it may. commingle with the water almost in stantly. The nozzlel'? herein snown sonsi of a sphericalshaped body provided Win31 a plurality of thin, trans-verse slits shown in Fig. 2 and so arranged that the delivered therefrom in a number of ii the form a of the nozzle 1'? are provided mating streams, each n. n ribbon. The en in the slots or op c es a pressure; rving obstruct nieby the size eme through V r'z -wn Qblu u :a den a: 14% saving been 1 water point above the nozzle 1?, .e water ably heated'by e means, ex t" pensed with an i the a "m ect fii into co. water, particularly a resin is small. v'l e find p Ell ' the process har est most cases to heat the Water somewhat'betore introducing the size. I

, When both the Water and the size have been heated as described, the valve 13 is closed and the valves 5 and 16 opened, causing steam pressure to be applied directly to the top of the tank and forcing the size out throughthebottom pipe 9, filter 12, branch pipe 11, delivery pipe 15 and through the nozzle 17 into the Water of the tank 14. The size as it emerges at the nozzle in a fine stream being suddenly relieved of the high pressure and converted into a superheated spray Which strikes the relatively low temperature Water results in the instant formation of a substantially perfect emulsion. This process is continued until all the size has been discharged from the tank, a condition which will be readily apparent by the blowing out of steam at the discharge nozzle 17.

The amount of Water required properly to emulsify a given amount of size Will vary according to the amount of free resin with which the size is charged, and the present invention is not limited to any particular proportion of Water employed in diluting the size. For example, in the common grades of size containing thirty per cent. or

more of tree resin We have found that a good emulsion can he obtained and kept by employing about nine parts of Water to one partof size. That is to say, nine parts of Water may be introduced into the tank 14 for every part of size contained in the tank l and the emulsion after being formed need not be further diluted. This'is nearly three times the concentration Which it is ordinarily practicable to secure by the process heretofore in use employing a similar size, and avoids the bulky storage tanks heretolore required. It is practicable still fun ther to concentrate the size and in the low free resin sizes for example, those contain less than thirty per cent. free resin, may be carried out with con siderably lower proportion of Water, While those containing less than tvve "y r cent. of tree resin dry basis) may oe carried out with almost proportion of water,

he lilter l2 cor sts r rior or drum cents. ilng drum the 1 ions 22, the .ce between the r r a l A.

d as

a valye 23. By closing the valve 10 and hpening the valves 13and 23 from time to time, as may be required, the collected impurities will be discharged from the filter through the nozzle 24. The filter may be omitted if desired, although it is preferable to employ it or its equivalent in the case of sizes Which have not been ieretofore screened.

The size emulsion may be drawn off from the emulsion tank 14 through the pipe 25', either directly for use as required or to a storage tank or tanks.

Should it'be required to charge the size tank 1 by suction, the valves 13 and 10 and the air vent 6 are opened, filling the tank with steam and expellingthe. air. The valves 13 and 6 are then closed, the tank allowed to cool and the steam condense, forming a vacuum. A receptacle 26 (shown in dotted lines) being filled With size and replaced with the nozzle 24L- immersed therein, the size may be drawn into toe tank through suction by opening the valve 23.

The described method of emulsifying the size may be carried on in part of the mill or building irrespective of the location of the size tank With relation to the emulsion tank, thereby avoiding the use of pumping or conveying devices now quite commonly employed, the emulsion produced being of a higher order with a finer g ain of suspended esin particles and capable of siza gree er quantity ol paper and may be stored With greater economy oi space than that heretofore produced.

coni'i .rng the size in a closed tank or vessel wherein it may be maintained under pressure and heating the same therein, We are enable 'zo raise its point in excess of 212 has heretoiliore been the l ture in heating size prepa fying the same. a

hile for purposes of il u l one sp a i he un lcrst the. l

will

stream suddenly relieved of high pressure and heat, and immediate emulsification is eifected.

2. In an apparatus for preparing resin size 'for paper manufacture, the combination with a closed, size-containing vessel having means whereby the size may be introduced into the same, means for applying heat and high pressure to the size While confined in the closed vessel, an emulsion container adapted to contain water, and means for forcing the size from the closed, sizeconta'ining vessel to the emulsion container v including a submer 'ed delivery outlet with- L) in said emulsion container and provided with a restricted orifice, whereby the size emerges therefrom in a fine stream suddenly relieved of high pressure and heat, and immediate emulsification is? effected.

8. ln an apparatus for preparing resin size for paper manuracture the combination with a closed, size-containing ves el having means whereby the size may be introduced into the same, means for applying heat and high pressure to the size unite confined the closed vessel an emulsion container adapted to contain water insane for forcing the size trom the closed, size-containing vessel to the emulsion container eluding a submerged delivery outlet having a pressure-prese ving obstruction provided with a restricted discharge orifice, whereby the size emerging through said obstruction in a fine stream. is suddenly relieved of high pressure and heat and immediate emulsification is effected.

apparatus for preparing resin paper manufacture the combiner a close size-containing vessel y the size can be in top portion ected hos;-

ior introducing ough e of said r pes at wi size-de'vering p pe leading in r and having delivery outlet pressure-preserving obrestricted dischai said obs relieves mediate J connected e ottom then ing' vessel to the emulsion container leis-ce t size therethrough, and (a size-filtering device between the container and the size-containing vesse 6. In an apparatus for preparing resin size for paper manufacture, the combina- 753 tion with a closed size containing vessel having means whereby the size may be introduced intothe same,vmeans for applying heat and high pressure to the size while confined in the closed vessel, an emulsion. con- 75 tainer adapted to contain water, and means for forcing the size "from the closed size containing vessel to the emulsion container including a delivery outlet submerged in the contents or said emulsion container and comalierically shaped body with a "n transverse slits thereby to c e of the size radiating streams in the term of thin ribbons whereloy from sai spherically- 55 earns sudden relieved of at and immediate ennuiepa resin size the combination 9;}

having d trouucecc same means for app high pressure to the size wi the closed vessel an emulsion contail to contain water and means forcing the size from the closed size-containincluda submerged delivery outlet directly and immediately exposed to the water cents of said emulsion container and province with a plurality of restricted. orifices where by size eme ges therefrom direct the r. a emulsion container in l. SbTGtLHlS S an apparatus for prepari' pa; or manufacture the com sed size-containing vesse hereby size may introduced into the same means for applying; heat to the size while confined in the closed yess ressure connections to said W the size he fo c' om, emulsion con to contain water i contain 4, tainer includ ion char oer and sin nts thereof said on t 'plura'li ication is en'ecte i 1, a, and neat in menu size'contan 0y the size me into the same, means including steam pipe 9 fined in said closed. vessel 1,- an openfor applying heat and high pressure to the. mouthed emulsion container 14 adapted to size Within said vessel, an open-topped emulcontain water and means for forcmg the size sion container 14 adapted to contain water, from the closed size-containing vessel 1 to 25 means including a connection from saidpipe said emulsion container 14 including a de- 9 to said emulsion container 14 for forcing liver-y outlet 17 submerged within the water the size from the closed size-containing ves contents of said container 14 and provided sell to said emulsion container 14, and inwith a plurality of restricted discharge or1- eluding a delivery outlet 17 submerged fices 17 whereby the size emerges there- 30 within the Water contents of said container from in fine streams suddenly relieved of 14 and having a plurality of restricted orihigh presure and heat and immediate emulfices 17, whereby the size emerges in fine sificationis efl'ected.

streams suddenly relieved of high pressure In testimony whereof, We have signed our and heat and immediate emulsification is names to this specificatiomin the presence 35 effected. of two subscribing witnesses.

10. In an apparatus for preparing resin size for paper manufacture, the combination with a closedsize-containing vessel 1 hav- 4 Y ing means whereby the size may be intro- Witnesses: duced into the same, means for applying ROBERT H. KAMMLER,

heat and high pressure to the size While 0011- THOMAS B. Boom. 

